Examinations are necessary to judge (پرکھنا) the ability of students. There are examinations in nearly every country of the world. But there are different systems of examinations. Our system of examination is very old. It was introduced(متعارف کروانا) in India before Partition. Englishmen wanted Jo educate Indians according to their needs and standards' After partition (تقسیم ملک)we had our needs and standards as an dependent nation. But we did not change the old examination system much.

Our examination system does not make our students learn their subjects well۔ Students generally study their subjects sometime before their examination. They learn some important parts of their courses in order to pass the examination. Many students fail in their examination. They give incomplete or wrong answers to questions. They have to answer five to ten questions in a paper on the whole course of one or two years. They cannot answer these questions well in three hours or so. Our students often have to team by heart (زبانی) parts of their courses. They have to give a proof of their memory in an examination. They do not have to show their understanding of a subject. They do not have to show their intelligence white answering questions.

Many of our students come to have a fear of examinations. They begin thinking that an examination at the end of the year is something very unusual (خلاف معمول)and strange. If they do not get good marks or division in it, they will fail to get admission to a higher class or to get a good job. So all their success in life is made to depend upon high marks or a good division. But all students getting high marks or good divisions in examinations are not really able. Many of them cannot do well in active life. Afterwards they realize that they were wrong to think very high of their examinations. In fact, we should make our examinations as useful as possible. Those who pass examinations well should be really able. Examinations shouldn't be a means to test students' memory. The intelligence (ذہاننت) and understanding (فہم) of students should be judged through them.

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There should be more examinations in a year. Every examination should cover definite part of the course. Examiners should ask such questions as really test a student's general understanding of his subject Our new education system stresses (تاکید کرنا) all this very well.

Examinations in schools and colleges should be made more important and useful. The marks obtained in these examinations should be considered by the Board or the University while giving certificates or degrees to students. The certificates or degrees of candidates for examinations should show their progress at their educational institutions.

The courses for our examinations should be changed to suit our needs. For example, courses of science subjects should include new developments in science ail over the world. Courses in arts should also be made more up-to-date. Greater importance should be- given to our own culture, history, politics and religion. Examinations should make us team facts about the world, about other countries and our own country.

We should also try to use our own national languages in examinations. Our language will help us in understanding questions well. The results of our examinations should be declared as early as possible. Candidates should be satisfied with their results. The system of our examinations should be changed to make it really useful and good there must be an end to large-scale malpractices (خرابیاں، غلط کام) and unfair (ناجائز) mean in examinations. Honest staff should be appointed to conduct examinations.

• Dowry
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• Mass Illiteracy
• Over-Population
• Traffic Problems
• Drug Trafficking
• Economical Crisis
• Economic Injustice
• Economical Problems
• Political Instability
• Political Instability
• Environmental Pollution
• Injustice & Inequality

______ is a major problem in most backward and developing countries. It indicates our moral, social and religious downfall. It is a matter of great shame that in spite of becoming a nuclear power, we are far behind other nations in the way of character and faith. There are many factors which are responsible for _______. Illiteracy, poverty and false ideas of society are the major causes of this social evil. However, a close analysis reveals that craze for wealth and power is the base of all kind of __________. People have become greedy and selfish. They do not know the virtues of love, sympathy and sacrifice.

     _____ has become one of the most important problem of all the world especially of the third world countries like Pakistan. It is full of danger of evil impacts. It destabilizes and demoralizes nations and gives birth to depression and frustration in the society and state. It creates and spreads the feelings of uncertainty, instability and insecurity among the masses. If it creeps in a society, it eats into its vitals and soon roots out its inner strength. It destroys its outer splendor, economic prosperity, social peace and national unity. Consequently, a nation's good image is spoiled in all over the world. Lawlessness becomes order of the day due to poverty, corruption, violence, indiscipline and mass illiteracy. It it is not effectively, properly and promptly checked, the entire judicial, moral and economic fabric of a nation will be collapsed.

    _____ is highly dangerous and devastating for a country like Pakistan that has a weak economy and political instability. If the evil of __________ is not nipped in the bud, it may spread like a bush fire and engulf the whole nation or region like and epidemic. _________ badly shatters people's faith in institution and supremacy of the constitution. It deprives masses from mental, physical, spiritual, moral and economic health. It also paves way for bloody revolutions and military take-overs.

     The main causes of __________ are illiteracy, poverty, economic policies of government and man's burning desire to become rich and bigwig over night. __________ creates economic pressure, social and economic injustice. Feudalism, capitalism and uneven distribution of wealth and opportunities, non-availability of basic necessities and fundamental rights also spread __________. Non-availability of education, health care and jobs also paves the way to spread __________. External factors like agencies of neighbouring  states like India also play a vital role in spreading __________ in Pakistan in order to destabilize it.

     In the end we can say that our officers as well as the scholars, educationists, political parties, NGO's and national mass media should take necessary steps to eradicated this wicked problem for the best national and human interest. Only then we can raise our heads as a free and dignified nation. 

It is very important to have a proper medium of instruction up to middle level. It is very important to have a proper medium of instruction (ذریعہ تعلیم). We should study our subjects in our own language. At present, we have English and Urdu as media of instruction in Pakistan. In our schools, we generally have Urdu as the medium of instruction. In some schools, English is the medium of instruction. In colleges and universities, English and Urdu are the media. It is often said that English should not be our medium of instruction. There is no doubt some advantages of this medium. But there are a number of disadvantages too. English is an advanced language of the world. It has a huge treasure of words. We can talk and write almost on, every topic in English. We can teach all modem subjects like Economics' Political Science, Psychology, etc. easily in English. We can teach different sciences like Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and so on well in English. The reason for this is that all kinds of books on these subjects are easily available. We can also find in English all the words or terms used in these subjects. We can read the most modern books published in advanced countries in English. We can get the Ideas of great thinkers, writers and scientists in English. Teachers can convey all these Ideas to their students In English. So English can be very helpful to us in teaching modem subjects to students. But most of our students do not know the English language well. They cannot speak and write It correctly and easily. So they cannot understand the different subjects taught in English so well. They have to learn the English language first of all. Then only they can learn different subjects in English. Students waste a lot of their time and energy in learning English and then study their subjects in English. Many of our teachers also cannot express their ideas well in English. They cannot teach their subjects in English as easily as they can teach in Urdu. We always feel that English is a foreign (غیر ملکی) language. This feeling has a bad effect upon our national unity. So we should avoid teaching our students in English as much as possible. Students should feel, think, speak and write in their national language. We can have Urdu as our medium of instruction. Urdu can be used for teaching different subjects in Pakistan. But we shall have to work very hard to have our national language as medium of instruction. We shall have to develop our own language; Urdu does not have enough number of words. Good books in Urdu also do not exist in the proper number. We cannot easily teach modern subjects and the sciences in it. Our teachers and scholars should develop Urdu and write the necessary book in it. Then we shall be able to adopt it as our medium of instruction everywhere.